隨著科技進步與飲食習慣的變化，過度攝取高糖飲食而造成的肥胖與引起慢性病發生的比率逐漸偏高，但是對甜味的追尋以及味蕾上的滿足是難以讓人放棄的，故有低熱量特性的甜味劑因而為之興起，但甜味劑的迷思一直都是新聞媒體中常出現的議題，民眾若對甜味劑具有正確的認知及態度，依據自身健康情況選擇適宜的甜味食品，可豐富生活飲食及避免過度擔憂對於甜味劑之攝取。因此本研究以市售飲料產品為主，以經過設計的問卷針對民眾對於市售飲料產品中甜味劑之認知、態度與消費行為做基本探討。問卷採 Google 表單方式於 2019 年 3 月於網路上發放，以大台北地區一般民眾為對象，共回收 425 份問卷，有效樣本 415 份，有效問卷率為 97%。回收後採用 SPSS 22.0(Statistical Product and Service Solutions) 統計套裝軟體進行數據統計分析。

本研究統計，在人口學特性中，受訪者以女性為主(72.8%)，受訪者年齡分佈以 40 歲以下較多(83.4%)，其中以 21-30 歲及 31-40 歲為主要年齡層，教育程度為大學居多(60.2%)，其次為研究所(含)以上(23.1%)，職業以學生最多(20.0%)，平均月收入介於 3 萬元-5 萬元(48.4%)，受訪者飲食習慣以葷食為主(97.6%)。市售飲料消費行為分布中，有購買市售飲料習慣者較多(82.4%)，最多之購買頻率為1-3 次/周(67.8%)，其次為 4-6 次/周(21.6%)，月平均購買金額以 500 元(含)以下較多(67.0%)，購買種類前三排名依序是茶類及植物萃取飲料(82.2%)、乳製品及乳酸飲料(62.6%)、咖啡飲料(48.2%)，飲料資訊來源多由商品陳列展示(68.7%)及網路媒體(48.2%)而來，購買地點主要為便利商店(95.3%)，選購時以風味為考慮因素者為主(77.8%)，購買飲料原因以壓力情緒因素者較多(29.8%)。沒有購買飲料習慣之原因為健康因素考量(47.9%)。進一步分析結果顯示，對於甜味劑認知方面題項，與教育程度達統計上顯著相關(p<0.05)，受訪者對於飲料與代謝症候群之相關風險同意程度，在不同性別、年齡分組間之平均得分具有顯著差異(p<0.05)，平均得分達 4.0 以上表示其對飲料攝取過量會影響人體健康具有高度認同。

綜合以上結論，民眾普遍具有含糖飲料攝取過量將會影響健康的認知，然並非民眾皆對甜味劑有所認識與瞭解，希望藉由本研究的撰寫，促使國家相關單位釋出更多淺顯易懂的教育文宣，讓民眾有更完整的健康知識及減少被未經證實的食安恐慌所壟罩，另一方面也冀望本研究能給予產業界在消費認知、態度與行為等消費者特性上作為參考，提供些許飲料新品開發及行銷上之價值。

With the advancement of science and technology and changes in eating habits, the rate of obesity caused by excessive intake of high-sugar diet and the incidence of chronic diseases is gradually higher, but the pursuit of sweetness and the satisfaction of taste buds are difficult to give up, so it is low. The calorie of caloric properties has risen, but the myth of sweeteners has always been a frequent issue in the news media. If people have the correct perception and attitude towards sweeteners, choose the right sweetness according to their own health. Foods can enrich your diet and avoid excessive worry about the intake of sweeteners. Therefore, this study focuses on commercial beverage products, and uses a designed questionnaire to discuss the public's perception, attitude and consumption behavior of sweeteners in commercial beverage products. The questionnaire was distributed on the Internet in March 2019. For the general public in the Greater Taipei area, 425 questionnaires were collected and 415 valid samples were valid. The effective questionnaire rate was 97%. After the recovery, SPSS 22.0 (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) statistical software package was used for statistical analysis.

According to the statistics of this study, among the demographic characteristics, the respondents were mainly women (72.8%), and the age distribution of respondents was more than 40 years old (83.4%), including 21-30 years old and 31-40 years old. The main age group, the education level is mostly university (60.2%), followed by the research institute (including) (23.1%), the occupation is the most students (20.0%), the average monthly income is between 30,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan (48.4%), the respondents' diet habits were mainly foraging (97.6%). Among the distribution of commercial beverage consumption behaviors, there are many people who buy commercial beverages (82.4%), the maximum frequency of purchase is 1-3 times/week (67.8%), followed by 4-6 times/week (21.6%). The monthly average purchase amount is more than 500 yuan (inclusive) (67.0%). The top three categories of purchases are tea and plant extract beverages (82.2%), dairy products and lactic acid beverages (62.6%), and coffee drinks. (48.2%), beverage information sources are mostly from merchandise display (68.7%) and online media (48.2%). The place of purchase is mainly convenience stores (95.3%). 77.8% of the subjects indicate that flavor is the main consideration when purchasing beverages and the reasons for the purchase of beverages were more stressful (29.8%). The reason for not purchasing beverage habits was health considerations (47.9%). Further analysis showed that the knowledge items of sweeteners were statistically significantly correlated with the educational level (p<0.05), and the degree of risk consent of the respondents for beverages and metabolic syndrome was between different genders and age groups. The average score was significantly different (p<0.05), and an average score of 4.0 or more indicates that it is highly recognized that excessive intake of beverages may affect human health.

Based on the above conclusions, the general public has the cognition that excessive intake of sugar-sweetened beverages will affect health. However, not everyone knows and understands sweeteners. It is hoped that the writing of this study will prompt the relevant state units to release more simple and easy to understand the education and propaganda, let the people have more complete health knowledge and reduce the unsuspected food security panic. On the other hand, it is hoped that this research can give the industry the consumer characteristics such as consumption cognition, attitude and behavior. As a reference, provide some value for the development and marketing of new beverages.

摘要....................................Ⅰ
Abstract...............................Ⅲ
目次....................................Ⅴ
圖目錄..................................Ⅵ
表目錄..................................Ⅶ
第一章 緒 論............................1
第一節 研究背景.........................1
第二節 研究動機.........................2
第三節 研究目的.........................3
第四節 研究範圍及對象....................3
第五節 研究流程.........................3
第六節 解釋名詞.........................4
第二章 文獻回顧及資料探討................6
第一節 甜味劑的演變......................6
第二節 我國甜味劑法規資料................6
第三節 各國之可用甜味劑項目資料...........7
第四節 甜味劑的種類與介紹.................7
第五節 甜味劑的消費市場..................10
第六節 甜味劑的安全性影響因素.............11
第七節 我國曾發生的甜味劑食安事件.........12
第三章 研究方法.........................14
第一節 研究方法.........................14
第二節 問卷施測.........................14
第三節 問卷設計.........................15
第四節 研究假設.........................15
第五節 資料處理及分析方法................15
第四章 結果與討論.......................17
第五章 結論與建議.......................24
參考文獻................................26
附錄....................................71

一、中文參考文獻
邱皓正。2002。量化研究與統計分析。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
吳明清。1991。教育研究：基本觀念與方法分析。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
衛生福利部國民健康署。96 年版。代謝症候群防治工作手冊。
衛生福利部國民健康署。105 年版。代謝症候群學習手冊。
行政院食品安全資訊網。2017。食品添加物的真相-系列報導(五) 甜秘密-淺談食品添加物「甜味劑」。發佈日期：2017-01-12 https://www.ey.gov.tw/ofs/15881103EFD02C4/2de6e2b3-c6f3-4808-bc5318e2a146b978
財團法人中華民國消費者文教基金會。2018。市售零食調查檢測報告。 發佈日期：2018-08-09 https://www.consumers.org.tw/contents/events_ct?c=2&page=1&id=1201
衛生福利部國民健康署肥胖防治網。2018。國人糖攝取量上限。發佈日期：2018-10-23
https://www.hpa.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=1661&pid=9709
衛生福利部國民健康署。2019。102-105 年國民營養健康狀況變遷調查。 發佈日期：2019-03-05 https://www.hpa.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=3828&pid=10443
衛生福利部國民健康署。2018。國民飲食指標。發佈日期：2018-10-26 https://www.hpa.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=485&pid=8384
衛生福利部國民健康署。2018。素食飲食指南手冊。發佈日期：2018-10 https://www.hpa.gov.tw/Pages/EBook.aspx?nodeid=1211
內政部戶政司全球資訊網。2019a。歷月人口統計資料。縣市人口數按性別及年齡。下載日期：2019/04/07 [https://www.ris.gov.tw/app/portal/346
內政部戶政司全球資訊網。2019b。年度縣市及全國統計資料。十五歲以上人口數按年齡及教育程度。下載日期：2019/04/09 https://www.ris.gov.tw/app/portal/346
Innova Market Insights 市場諮詢公司。2019。高甜度甜味劑創新趨勢。發佈日期：2019/01/04
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/iYUUeh4aQ5pcsMlnXbltRQ


二、英文參考文獻
Bian, X.M., Chi, L., Gao, B., Tu, P.C., Ru, H.Y., Lu K. (2017). The artificial sweetener acesulfame potassium affects the gut microbiome and body weight gain in CD1 mice. Plos One, 12(6).
Brown, R.J., De Banate, M.A., Rother, K.I. (2010). Artificial sweeteners: a systematic review of metabolic effects in youth. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 5(4), 305–12.
Dhingra, R., Sullivan, L., Jacques, P.F., Wang, T.J., Fox, C.S., Meigs, J.B. (2007). Soft drink consumption and risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults in the community. Circulation, 116(5), 480–8.
Elliott, S.S., Keim, N.L., Stern, J.S., Teff, K., Havel, P.J. (2002). Fructose, weight gain, and the insulin resistance syndrome. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 76, 911-922.
Flint, H.J., Bayer, E.A., Rincon, M.T., Lamed, R., White, B.A. (2008). Polysaccharide utilization by gut bacteria: potential for new insights from genomic analysis. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 6(2), 121–31.
Fowler, S.P., Williams, K., Resendez, R.G., Hunt, K.J., Hazuda, H.P., Stern, M.P. (2008) Fueling the obesity epidemic? Artificially sweetened beverage use and longterm weight gain. Obesity, 16(8), 1894–900.
Gardner, C., Wylie-Rosett, J., Gidding, S.S., Steffen, L.M., Johnson, R.K., Reader, D. (2012). Nonnutritive sweeteners: current use and health perspectives a scientific statement from the American heart association and the American diabetes association. Diabetes Care, 35(8), 1798–808.
Gross, L.S., Li, L., Ford E.S., Liu, S. (2004). Increased consumption of refined carbohydrates and the epidemic of type 2 diabetes in the United States : an ecologic assessment. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 79, 774-779.
Harpaz, D., Yeo, L.P., Cecchini, F., Koon, T.H.P., Kushmaro, A., Tok, A.I.Y., Marks, R.S., Eltzov, E. (2018). Measuring Artificial Sweeteners Toxicity Using a Bioluminescent Bacterial Panel. Molecules, 23(10), 2454. Nicholson, J.K., Holmes, E., Kinross, J., Burcelin, R., Gibson, G., Jia, W. (2012). Hostgut microbiota metabolic interactions. Science, 336(6086), 1262–7.
Oishi, K., Higo-Yamamoto, S., Yasumoto, Y. (2016). Moderately high doses of the artificial sweetener saccharin potentially induce sleep disorders in mice. Nutrition, 32(10), 1159–1161.
Suez, J., Korem, T., Zeevi, D., Zilberman-Schapira, G., Thaiss, C.A., Maza, O. (2014). Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota. Nature, 514(7521), 181–6.
Torloni, M.R., Nakamura, M.U., Megale, A., Sanchez, V.H.S., Mano, C., Fusaro, A.S., Mattar, R. (2007). O uso de adoçantes na gravidez: uma análise dos produtos disponíveis no Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 29(5), 267–275.
Turnbaugh, P.J., Ley, R.E., Mahowald, M.A., Magrini, V., Mardis, E.R., Gordon, J.I. (2006). An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature, 444(7122), 1027–131.
Gingery, J.G. (2018) Consuming low-calorie sweeteners may predispose overweight individuals to diabetes. Endocrine Society. 發佈日期：2018-03-18 https://www.endocrine.org/news-room/2018/consuming-low-calorie-sweetenersmay-predispose-overweight-individuals-to-diabetes
United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service (2018) Sugar and Sweeteners Outlook. 發佈日期：2018-07
https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/pub-details/?pubid=89621
Food Additives-The Japan Food Chemical Research Foundation https://www.ffcr.or.jp/en/tenka/index.html