臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要探討菊糖與難消化性麥芽糊精對於高果糖飲食誘發代謝症候群症狀大鼠其醣類及脂質代謝之影響。研究模式為雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠給予高果糖 (63.1%) 飲食誘發類似代謝症狀群症狀。誘導八週後進行血糖、血脂及高密度脂蛋白膽固醇 (HDL-C) 測定；九週後進行葡萄糖耐受性試驗，以判定大鼠是否具有代謝症候群症狀。實驗分五組：(1) 正常大鼠組 (normal diet + 5% cellulose, NC)、(2) 高果糖大鼠組 (high fructose diet + 5% cellulose, H)、(3) 2.5% 菊糖高果糖飲食組 (high fructose diet + 2.5% inulin, 2.5% I)、(4) 5% 菊糖高果糖飲食組 (high fructose diet + 5% inulin, 5% I) 及 (5) 5% 難消化性麥芽糊精高果糖飲食組 (high fructose diet + 5% Fibersol-2®, RMD)。實驗共進行十一週，飼養期間大鼠採自由飲食。
實驗結果顯示，攝取 5% 難消化性麥芽糊精可顯著減少攝食量，而延緩高果糖飲食導致之體重增加。攝取菊糖或難消化性麥芽糊精有效降低高果糖飲食導致高血糖、並改善胰島素抗性、降低血漿總膽固醇 (TC)、TC/HDL-C 比、極低密度脂蛋白膽固醇與低密度脂蛋白膽固醇總和 (VLDL-C+LDL-C)，並提升 HDL-C/VLDL-C+LDL-C 比、抑制小腸雙醣酶 sucrase 及乳糖酶 lactase 活性，並降低血漿中過氧化脂質 TBARS 的濃度。此外，給予 2.5% 及 5% 菊糖或 5% 難消化性麥芽糊精都可有效降低高果糖大鼠血漿 aspartate amino transferase 及 alanine aminotransferase 濃度。此外，5% 菊糖或 5% 難消化性麥芽糊精皆可降低血漿中 IL-6 及 leptin 濃度，並且 5% 難消化性麥芽糊精可以降低血漿中 TNF- 濃度。在肝臟脂質方面，5% 難消化性麥芽糊精可以降低肝臟 TBARS 濃度並有效抑制肝臟脂質生合成酵素 fatty acid synthase (FAS) 活性，而降低肝臟脂質合成。另外，給予 2.5%、5% 菊糖或 5% 難消化性麥芽糊精都會減少高果糖大鼠糞便乾濕重及增加糞便總膽固醇的排出量。大鼠肝臟 Srebp2 蛋白表現量方面，菊糖或難消化性麥芽糊精可有效被提升，而攝取 5% 難消化性麥芽糊精亦可提升大鼠肝臟 Ldlr 蛋白表現量，增加膽固醇代謝達降血脂之效。攝取大鼠肌肉 Glut4 蛋白表現量方面，攝取 5% 難消化性麥芽糊精可有效提升肌肉 Glut4 (membrane) / Glut4 (cytosol) ratio，推測難消化性麥芽糊精可由提高 Glut4 由細胞質轉位至細胞膜上，以利運輸葡萄糖進入細胞質代謝利用，進而改善血糖。
綜合上述，推測菊糖與難消化性麥芽糊精可能抑制腸道醣類吸收、提高肝臟中脂肪代謝及骨骼肌中葡萄糖之利用，而改善高果糖飲食誘發之高血糖、胰島素抗性及血脂異常等代謝症候群症狀。

第壹章、前言 1
第貳章、文獻整理 3
第一節 膳食纖維 (Dietary fibers) 3
1. 定義 3
第二節 菊糖 (Inulin) 6
1. 菊糖的來源與構造 6
2. 菊糖的生理保健功效 9
第三節 難消化性麥芽糊精 (Resistant maltodextrins, RMD) 11
1. 難消化性麥芽精的來源及基本特性 11
2. 難消化性麥芽糊精與脂質代謝的影響 12
3. 難消化性麥芽糊精對醣代謝的影響 13
第四節 代謝症候群 (Metabolic syndrome, MetS) 14
1. 代謝症候群簡介 14
2. 代謝症後群的定義及診斷標準 15
3. 代謝症候群與糖尿病 20
第五節固醇調節分子結合蛋白 (Srebp) 26
第六節 高果糖誘發代謝症狀群之動物模式 29
1. 高果糖動物模式 29
2. 果糖代謝 32
3. 果糖與脂質代謝 34
4. 果糖與胰島素抗性 35
第七節 飲食中添加膽固醇對脂質代謝之影響 39
第參章、實驗設計 41
第一節 實驗分組 41
第二節 動物飼養及樣品收集 42
第三節 實驗流程 43
第四節 實驗材料 47
第五節 實驗方法 50
1. 樣品分析 50
2. 統計分析 65
第肆章、結果 64
第伍章、討論 75
第陸章、結論 86
參考文獻 88
圖表目錄 104

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