Identification of possible fraud in avocado oil‑based cosmetic products 2 and avocado oil
學生姓名:
廖玉芊
指導教授:
方銘志
學期:
109上
摘 要:
Avocado oil is prized for its high nutritional value due to the substantial amounts of triglycerides (TGs) and unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) present. In addition, avocado oil13 based products have therapeutic properties for human skin, and are increasingly being produced by the cosmetics industry. Due to its potential commercial value, some of unscrupulous vendor may substitute avocado oil with cheap oils to earn more profits. To address potential quality issues and identify possible adulteration, authenticated avocado oils extracted from the fruit peel, pulp and seed, as well as commercial avocado pulp and seed oils sold in US market were analyzed for TGs and FAs in the first study. Characterization and quantification of TGs were conducted using UHPLC/ESI-MS. Thirteen TGs containing saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in avocado oils were unambiguously identified. To verify the precision and accuracy of the UHPLC/ESI-MS method, the derivatized compounds (fatty acid methyl esters) from avocado oil were analyzed by traditional GC/MS method. The concentrations of individual FA were calculated, and the results agreed with the UHPLC/ESI-MS method. Although chemical profiles of avocado oils from pulp and peel were very similar, a significant difference was observed for the seed oil. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on TG and FA compositional data allowed exact identification of individual avocado oil and the detection of possible adulteration. The second study evaluated the authenticity of avocado oil-based Brazilian cosmetics using GC-FID for fatty acid composition and ESI-MS with direct infusion for lipid profile analysis. PCA in combination with ESI MS was able to discriminated the authentic sample from fraudulent samples, confirming the efficiency of lipid profile analysis. The results showed that three out of the eight commercial samples were authentic. In the adulterated samples, three contained only soybean oil which was considered as totally adulterated because of the similar lipid profile to soybean oil. The other two adulterated sample were partially added of soybean oil with trace avocado oil characteristics.
01摘要.pdf